August 9
117 Trajan, Roman Emperor (b. 53)
1173 Construction of the campanile of the cathedral of Pisa (now known as the Leaning Tower of Pisa) began. It took two centuries to complete.
1842 The Webster-Ashburton Treaty was signed, establishing the United States-Canada border east of the Rocky Mountains.
1902 Edward VII was crowned King of England following the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.
1945 The US exploded a nuclear device over Nagasaki, Japan, instantly killing an estimated 39,000 people. The explosion came three days after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
August 10
1519 Ferdinand Magellan's five ships set sail from Seville to circumnavigate the globe.
1675 The foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London was laid.
1755 Under the orders of Charles Lawrence, the British Army began to forcibly deport the Acadians from Nova Scotia to the Thirteen Colonies.
1814 Henri Nestlé, Swiss industrialist (d. 1890).
1846 US Congress chartered the Smithsonian Institution, named after English scientist James Smithson.
1896 Otto Lilienthal, German aviation pioneer, died (b. 1848).
August 11
1718 Sir Frederick Haldimand, Swiss-born English colonial governor, was born(d. 1791).
1909 The SOS distress signal was first used by an American ship, the Arapahoe, off Cape Hatteras. NC.
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